AI Data Centres Go Orbital

The surge in AI development is pushing tech companies to explore unconventional solutions for their ever-increasing computing needs, with outer space emerging as a potential location for data centres. Google's Project Suncatcher aims to launch constellations of solar-powered satellites equipped with powerful processors into orbit. These orbiting data centres would use optical links to transmit data.

The rationale behind space-based data centres includes access to almost unlimited, low-cost renewable energy and the potential for a significantly lower environmental footprint compared to terrestrial facilities. Space offers a natural deep freezer, making cooling more efficient. Companies are already launching prototypes to test the feasibility of running advanced chips in space. Over the next decade, the running costs of space-based data centres could become competitive with those on Earth.

Despite the potential benefits, challenges remain, including the high costs associated with launches and the technical difficulties of operating hardware in the harsh space environment. There are also concerns about the environmental impact of rocket launches and the potential for increased satellite congestion in orbit.